Pehtonhtu biafang
Biaṭhen tampi lak ahhin pehtonhtu biafang pawl hi biafang, biabor le biatlang pakhat le pakhat karah pehtlainak sertu an si tawn. Pehtonhtu biafang hna nih kan duh ning in cattial khawhnak a kan ngeihter tawn. Mirang ca ttial tik ko ahhin pehtonhtu biafang hi an biapi tawn, a ruang cu ruahnak pawl kha pehtlai tein an pehtonh lawng siloin, thil dangdang kong va ceih, va tahchunh, cuaithlai, zoh chunh, fian ter, hnathlak pi, beh chap, chim chap tibantuk zong fawi deuh in a kan ngeihter khawh tawn.
A tanglei ahhin pehtonhtu biafang pawl a hmannak ding cu thluamthlam in langhter a si. Cucaah, nangmah pumpak in timhtuahnak le cawncinhnak cu pehtlai tein na tuah lengmang a hau. Hi bantuk pehtonhtu biafang pawl hi nitin kan chimrelnak le holhnak ah kan hman lengmang mi a si. Cucu, tha tein na ruah chih ahcun ca na ttial tik zongah fawi deuh na hman khawh hna lai.
A tanglei ahhin pehtonhtu biafang pawl a hmannak ding cu thluamthlam in langhter a si. Cucaah, nangmah pumpak in timhtuahnak le cawncinhnak cu pehtlai tein na tuah lengmang a hau. Hi bantuk pehtonhtu biafang pawl hi nitin kan chimrelnak le holhnak ah kan hman lengmang mi a si. Cucu, tha tein na ruah chih ahcun ca na ttial tik zongah fawi deuh na hman khawh hna lai.
Acung lei ah kan langhter cang bantukin pehtonhtu biafang pawl hna cu kan ruahnak le kan duhnak kan chim kan tial ah kan hman tawn hna. Fak deuh in thil kongkau tial le chimrel duh caan ko ah kan hman khun. Ruahnak pakhat le pakhat pehtonh kan duh tik zongah kan hman khun. Hramthoknak ah, tahchunhnak ah, cuaithlai nak ah, hmuhsaknak ah, langhternak ah, a donghnak ah, cun a dangdang ca zong ahhin hman an si tawn.
Atanglei ahhin zeitindah pehtonhtu biafang pawl kan hman lai timi cu a tawinak in ka vun langhter lai.
Agreement / Addition / Similarity
Hnatlaknak/ Chapnak / Khahnak
A tanglei hna hi thil pakhat khat, kongkau pakhat khat, ruahnak pakhat khat he pehtlai in hnatlaknak kan ngeih ah siseh, chap ding kan ngeih ah siseh, an i lawhnak zohchun kan duh siseh, kan hman tawn ding mi cu an si.
Zohchunh awk:
As a matter of fact timi cu 'a ngaingai ti ahcun' ti a si caah, thil pakhat silole kongkau pakhat khat kong a sinak/sining taktak cungah kan hnatlaknak kong a chimrel tawn.
Bianabia ah:
As a matter of fact I'm only twenty-five, so don't say I'm old.
A ngaingai ti ahcun, kum 25 lawng ka rih, cucaah na upa cang ka ti hlah.
Diet and exercise are equally important.
Dinei zohfel le pum cawlcanghnak tuah hna hi aa tluk tein an biapi.
The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the location is perfect.
Innhlan ding cu a ttha ngai, cu hlei ah, a hmunhma zong a tha bak.
in the first place
not only ... but also
as a matter of fact
in like manner
in addition
coupled with
in the same fashion / way
first, second, third
in the light of
not to mention
to say nothing of
equally important
by the same token
again
to
and
also
then
equally
identically
uniquely
like
as
too
moreover
as well as
together with
of course
likewise
comparatively
correspondingly
similarly
furthermore
additionally
Opposition / Limitation / Contradiction
Dohralnak / Tlinlonak / Ralkahnak
Mirang ca in capar, cathluan, casau deuh pawl, a biapi mi kong pakhat khat he pehtlai in ca kan ṭial tikah, ca pehtonhnak hi hman lengmang a hau. Thil pakhat khat kongah kan lungtlin lonak, kan duh lonak, kan dohnak tibantuk pawl khi pehtlai in ṭial kan duh tik le chim kan duh tikah a tanglei biafang pawl hna hi hman lengmang an si. Laimi zong nih a tanglei biafang hna hi Laica in tampi kan i ngeih ve hna i, kan hman lengmang mi hna an si ve. A tanglei biafang pawl hna cu, kong pakhat khat kongkau ah kan lungtlin lonak le kan duh lonak chimrelnak caah kan hman tawn hna i, hi ca pehtonhnak pawl hmang hin ruahnak, duhnak, ṭanhnak le tinh mi kan ngeih mi dang kong chimrel le ṭial piak zong a si tawn.
although this may be true
in contrast
different from
of course ..., but
on the other hand
on the contrary
at the same time
in spite of
even so / though
be that as it may
then again
above all
in reality
after all
but
(and) still
unlike
or
(and) yet
while
albeit
besides
as much as
even though
although
instead
whereas
despite
conversely
otherwise
however
rather
nevertheless
nonetheless
regardless
notwithstanding
Cause / Condition / Purpose
Chuahcannak / Sining/ Ca
Thil a chuah i a cannak a ruang kongkau ah siseh, thil pakhat khat a umtuning le a sining kongkau ah siseh, cun thil pakhat khat a ruang le a ca he pehtlai in pehtonhnak biafang hman ding pawl cu a tanglei ahhin langhter an si.
in the event that
granted (that)
as / so long as
on (the) condition (that)
for the purpose of
with this intention
with this in mind
in the hope that
to the end that
for fear that
in order to
seeing / being that
in view of
If
... then
unless
when
whenever
while
because of
as
since
while
lest
in case
provided that
given that
only / even if
so that
so as to
owing to
inasmuch as
due to
Examples / Support / Emphasis
Bianabia / Ṭanpi / Fehternak
A tanglei pehtonhnak biafang pawl hna hi tahchunhnak caah siseh, ṭanpinak caah siseh, cun fehternak ca pawl ahhin hman mi an si ve hna.
in other words
to put it differently
for one thing
as an illustration
in this case
for this reason
to put it another way
that is to say
with attention to
by all means
important to realise
another key point
first thing to remember
most compelling evidence
must be remembered
point often overlooked
to point out
on the positive side
on the negative side
with this in mind
notably
including
like
to be sure
namely
chiefly
truly
indeed
certainly
surely
markedly
such as
especially
explicitly
specifically
expressly
surprisingly
frequently
significantly
particularly
in fact
in general
in particular
in detail
for example
for instance
to demonstrate
to emphasize
to repeat
to clarify
to explain
to enumerate
Effect / Consequence / Result
Ṭhihkheihnak / Hnursuannak / Phichuak
A tanglei hna hi thil pakhat khat le kong pakhat khat a um tikah zei nih dah a chuah can ter i, zeibantuk hnursuannak le ṭhihkheihnak dah an ngeih, cun zeibantuk phi chuak dah a chuah pi tibantuk pawl ceihhmainak le chimrelnak caah hman mi an si ve hna.
as a result
under those circumstances
in that case
for this reason
in effect
for
thus
because the
then
hence
consequently
therefore
thereupon
forthwith
accordingly
henceforth
Conclusion / Summary / Restatement
Donghnak / Biakhawm / Chimnolh
Biaphihnak, biadonghnak le biangolnak caah siseh, chim mi bia tawi fiannak in tlang khawmnak caah siseh, cun chim mi bia ṭha deuh in chim ṭhannak caah siseh, a tanglei biafang pawl hna hi hman lengmang an si ve.
as can be seen
generally speaking
in the final analysis
all things considered
as shown above
in the long run
given these points
as has been noted
in a word
for the most part
after all
in fact
in summary
in conclusion
in short
in brief
in essence
to summarise
on balance
altogether
overall
ordinarily
usually
by and large
to sum up
on the whole
in any event
in either case
all in all
Obviously
Ultimately
Definitely
Time / Chronology / Sequence
Caan/ Dottlai / Changchang
A tuan le a tlai, hnulei le hmailei, atu, silole le a dot dot tein pehtlai tein, cun a pakhat hnu pakhat aa zul te le a changchang tein a hung ummi thil kongkau ah a tanglei biafang hna hi hman si ve tawn hna.
at the present time
from time to time
sooner or later
at the same time
up to the present time
to begin with
in due time
as soon as
as long as
in the meantime
in a moment
without delay
in the first place
all of a sudden
at this instant
first, second
immediately
quickly
finally
after
later
last
until
till
since
then
before
hence
since
when
once
about
next
now
formerly
suddenly
shortly
henceforth
whenever
eventually
meanwhile
further
during
in time
prior to
forthwith
straightaway
by the time
whenever
until now
now that
instantly
presently
occasionally
Space / Location / Place
Pawngkam / Hmunhma / Hmun
Thil pakhat pakhat a can tikah khua zeika pawngkam ahdah a can, khua zeika hmunhma ah dah a si i, a hmun ah zeibantuk pawl dah a um chih, a cang chih, tibantuk pawl chimrelnak caah a tanglei biafang pawl hi hman ve an si tawn hna.
in the middle
to the left/right
in front of
on this side
in the distance
here and there
in the foreground
in the background
in the centre of
adjacent to
opposite to
here
there
next
where
from
over
near
above
below
down
up
under
further
beyond
nearby
wherever
around
between
before
alongside
amid
among
beneath
beside
behind
across
